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Showing posts with label How to Grow. Show all posts
Showing posts with label How to Grow. Show all posts

Tuesday, December 11, 2012

How to Grow Mormodes

Mormodes aromatica flowering in the Fuqua Orchid Center
Leopard spots on the flowers of Mormodes aromatica.
Mormodes are a blast to grow. It's enormously gratifying to pour on the fertilizer in spring and watch them explode. I love their indescribable fragrances and wacky pollination. Mormodes are rarely popular with the set who covet hybrid Cattleya flowers, or among folks who call small-flowered orchids "botanicals." It's their loss.

Want to grow Mormodes? Here's the key: They have an annual growth cycle that is strongly seasonal.

Mormodes are easy to grow if you pay attention to some obvious signals--yellowing leaves signal the onset of the dry season; new shoots signal the onset of the rainy season. Simple.

Here's how we grow ours:*

  • Warm greenhouse (66º night min.) alongside Catasetum Cycnoches.
  • High humidity ~75% RH-- to keep thrips and mites at bay.
  • Bright light. Ours grow adjacent to the Laelia bench.
  • Plastic net baskets.
  • A mixture of coarse fir bark, charcoal, perlite and premium sphagnum.
  • Under our conditions they need water about every 3-4 days in summer.
  • Twice weekly Cal Mag at 200 ppm supplemented with half-strength Nutricote.
  • The dry rest lasts about two to three months, starting with leaf yellowing in October.
  • By November & December they are completely leafless and in full dormant mode. During this time it takes about a week to ten days for the mix to achieve bone-dryness. Then we water. The advice to never water them during dormancy "because in nature they never receive rain during the dry season!" is misguided. Potted plant cultivation is not like nature. Two or three months in our greenhouse without supplemental moisture leaves the pseudobulbs badly shriveled.
  • New shoots in spring are the signal to increase watering and repot.

*This isn't a recommendation for all Mormodes species grown under all conditions. Growing practices that work well in an Atlanta greenhouse need to be modified for conditions elsewhere.

You can find out about Mormodes buccinator and Mormodes sinuata by following the links.

Tuesday, October 11, 2011

How to Grow Andean Slipper Orchids

Phragmipedium schlimii
Bright, moist and cool(ish) just about sums it up. That may sound like a strange combination for a tropical orchid, but it isn't really. Not for an orchid that grows along mountain springs near the Equator.

When I first started growing orchids I grew the Andean Phragmipediums (Phrags) right alongside the Asian tropical slippers, the Paphiopedilums. Same greenhouse, same treatment. They're both tropical slippers, right? Same requirements!

Wrong!

Picture the lovely Andean slippers growing on a steep granite embankment at 4,000 ft in the mountains of Peru. The rocks glisten with moisture from an underground seepage. Before noon the entire hillside is flooded with sunlight. In afternoon the area is bathed in mist.
Now picture Paphiopedilum stonei growing on the island of Borneo, wedged in the crevices of limestone cliffs and shaded by the crowns of trees growing at the base of the cliffs. The air is warm and humid and the microhabitat is drier and shadier.

No wonder my Phrags wouldn't flower!

Phragmipedium besseae
Cheat Sheet for Andean Slipper Orchids 
Phragmipedium schlimii and Phragmipedium besseae

PRONUNCIATION: frag-mih-PEA-dee-um...SHLIM-ee-eye....BESS-ee-ay
ORIGIN: Colombia, Peru, Ecuador
CLIMATE/ECOLOGY: As terrestrials on continuously wet embankments exposed to morning sun in lower montane (~2,000-6,000 ft) tropical forest.
GROWTH HABIT: Fan-shaped growths without pseudobulbs
GROWTH CYCLE/REST PERIOD: No rest period
LIGHT: bright (schlimii) to moderate (besseae)
TEMPERATURE: 58 degree night minimum; 78 degree daytime maximum
POTTING MEDIUM: premium sphagnum
HUMIDITY: very high, 80%
MOISTURE: constantly moist; water with low mineral content
TIPS: Because of their requirement for high humidity these are difficult to grow well on the windowsill. Reasonably easy for greenhouse growers who can adapt their methods to the plants' needs. A bit more challenging in areas with hot summers.Want to grow them in an Atlanta greenhouse? Invest in a max-min thermometer and an evaporative cooler.

Monday, October 10, 2011

Slipper Orchid Season

Phragmipedium schlimii
Now is a great time to see Andean Slipper Orchids in full bloom in the Tropical High Elevation House.

Phragmipedium schlimii & P. bessseae grow on mossy rocks of the waterfall
The Andean Slippers Phragmipedium schlimii and P. besseae are two of the tropical counterparts of the familiar north temperate slipper, Cypripedium. (The other tropical slipper genera are Paphiopedilum, Mexipedium and Selenipedium.) In total there are about 20 species of Phragmipedium (pronounced frag-mih-PEE-dee-um) ranging from Mexico through northern South America.


Andean Slippers grow in the splash zones around waterfalls, along flowing streams and in rocky seepage areas on cool slopes in Peru, Ecuador and Colombia. We created the waterfall and the flowing stream in the Tropical High Elevation House in order to provide suitable growing conditions for these orchids. They are wonderful!


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